The Bonfires of Saint John (Hogueras de San Juan) are one of the oldest and most popular festivals in Spain, celebrated on the night of June 23rd to 24th. Their origin is tied to the summer solstice—the shortest night of the year—and the worship of fire as a symbol of purification and renewal. Although the meaning has evolved over time, today it remains a celebration marked by fire, water, and community festivities.
In MaestroMío, we are going to explain everything to you, from its pagan origins to the current rituals. Get ready to discover one of the most spectacular celebrations of the summer.
Origin and Meaning
The tradition of lighting bonfires on the eve of Saint John has pagan roots. Since ancient times, many civilizations lit fires during the summer solstice to honor the sun and ask for protection for their crops. On the Iberian Peninsula, these customs merged with the Christian celebration of the birth of Saint John the Baptist, which helped the tradition endure through the centuries.
Fire is considered a purifying element, and on the night of Saint John, it is believed to have the power to ward off evil spirits and bring good luck. Water also plays an important role, as bathing in the sea or a river that night is associated with renewal and health.
How Are the Bonfires of Saint John Celebrated?
The celebration varies depending on the region, but some of the most common rituals include:
- Lighting bonfires: In many towns, especially along the coast, large bonfires are set up on beaches. In other regions, they are lit in town squares or open fields.
- Jumping over the fire: It is said that jumping over the flames a certain number of times brings good luck and helps burn away the negativity of the past.
- Bathing in the sea or rivers: In many traditions, dipping your feet or fully immersing yourself in water symbolizes purification and good health.
- Burning wishes or problems: Some people write down their wishes or the things they want to leave behind on a piece of paper and throw it into the fire.
Celebrations Outside Spain
The Night of Saint John is also celebrated in other countries, with different variations:
- Portugal: In Porto, the Festa de São João includes parades, bonfires, and a quirky tradition of hitting people with plastic hammers or garlic.
- Latin America: In Argentina, Chile, Venezuela, and other countries, the festival preserves its essence with bonfires and fire-and-water rituals.
- Scandinavia: In Sweden and Norway, the summer solstice celebration is known as Midsommar, one of the most important festivals of the year.
The Bonfires of Saint John are an ancient tradition that lives on in many parts of the world. Although their meaning has changed over time, the core of the celebration remains the same: a fire-and-water ritual to say goodbye to the old and welcome a new cycle. Whether on the beach, in the mountains, or in a town square, the night of June 23rd is a special moment to share with friends and family.
